Chapter+4

__**Chapter 4: Local Cultural, Popular Culture, and Cultural Landscape**__ __**UNIT III. Cultural Patterns and Processes (13–17%)**__

A. Concepts of culture B. Cultural differences C. Environmental impact of cultural attitudes and practices D. Cultural landscapes and cultural identity
 * 1) Traits
 * 2) Diffusion
 * 3) Acculturation
 * 4) Cultural regions
 * 1) Language
 * 2) Religion
 * 3) Ethnicity
 * 4) Gender
 * 5) Popular and folk culture
 * 1) Values and preferences
 * 2) Symbolic landscapes and sense of place

Understanding the components and regional variations of cultural patterns and processes is critical to human geography. In this section of the course, you begin with the concept of culture. You learn how geographers assess the spatial and place dimensions of cultural groups as defined by language, religion, race, ethnicity, and gender, in the present as well as the past. A central concern is to comprehend how cultural patterns are represented at a variety of geographic scales from local to global. Diffusion is a key concept in understanding how cultural traits (for example, agricultural practices and language) move through time and space to new locations, adapting to local cultural preferences through glocalization. You learn that the concept of region is central to the spatial distribution of cultural attributes. The course also explores cultural differences at various scales according to language, religion, ethnicity, and gender. The geographies of language and religion are studied to illustrate processes of cultural diffusion and cultural differences. For example, you learn to distinguish between languages and dialects; ethnic and universalizing religions; and popular and folk cultures, and to understand why each has a different geographic pattern. An important emphasis of the course is the way culture shapes human–environment relationships. For example, religion can influence environmental perception and modification. You also come to understand how culture is expressed in landscapes, and how landscapes in turn represent cultural identity. Built environments enable the geographer to interpret cultural values, tastes, and sets of beliefs. For example, both folk and contemporary architecture are rich and readily available means of comprehending cultures and changes in landscapes.
 * [[image:http://t2.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRiflrh1zgFtitI8EStdr8usgHX9d3RKzL-Q3IaD6OCp_JLUSws:www.theodora.com/maps/world/world_language_map_transparent.gif caption="World Languages Map"]] ||
 * World Languages Map ||

//__Required Readings: __//
 * [[image:http://t2.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRzEYtlV4hvzQygjhQJ_Ur3-O9sLXghXVTLdQiVOZoZvDCpD80_uQ caption="An example of American Pop Culture: "The Simpsons""]] ||
 * An example of American Pop Culture: "The Simpsons" ||
 * 1) Chapter 4 Key Issue 1 [[file:APHG Chapter 4 Key Issue 1.docx]]
 * 2) Chapter 4 Key Issue 2 [[file:APHG Chapter 4 Key Issue 2.docx]]
 * 3) Chapter 4 Key Issue 3
 * 4) Chapter 4 Key Issue 4

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//__Vocab Resources: __// Vocab Index Cards are due on the day of the Chapter test.



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